The Temple of Hephaistos and Athena (Hephaisteion) has been known and admired by travelers to Greece since Stuart and Revett drew it in 1752. The interior and surrounding area were excavated in 1936–1939 by Agora excavators. This lecture presents new findings based on study of previously unpublished context pottery, the notebooks kept in the 1930s, and fresh autopsy of the building and attributed blocks. An Archaic beginning for the temple is identified, and a new reconstruction of the interior is presented, with no colonnade, but painted murals instead. The deities were not only progenitors of the Athenians, but also patrons of the silver industry.